SAPONINUM.
Saponin, C32H54O18 (a glucoside; the active principle of many plants
belonging to the Caryophyllaceæ, Polygalaceæ, etc.; principally
obtained from Saponaria officinalis, Gypsophila, Struthium, Polygala
Senega, and Quillaja).
Preparation
, Dilutions with water (which
speedily decompose), or triturations.
Authorities.
(Provings by Arthur T. Hills,
M.D., Trans. Hom. Med. Soc. State of N. Y., 1875, p. 104). 1, Dr. D., took 3d dil., repeated doses for
two days; 2, Miss P., took a dose of
12th dil., first and second days; 3,
P. R., took a dose of 30th dil.; 4,
P. H. M., took six doses of 1st decimal trit., in three days, without
effect, then took one dose of 12th dil.; 4a, same, took another powder of same; 5, S. P. B., took one dose of 30th dil.
(symptoms on fourth day may have been due to a mental worry); 6, W., suffering from chronic catarrh of
nose, pharynx, and larynx, took 12th dil. three times a day; 7, a man, took three doses of 2d trit. in one
day; 8, A. B. C., took a powder of
12th dil.; 9, Miss J. A. R., took 3d
dil., three times a day for several days; 9a, same, proving with 1st trit., three
times a day (usually menstruated every twenty-one days); 9b, same,
took 1st dec. trit.; 10, W. P. T.,
took 30th dil., twice first day, once second and third days; 10a,
same, took 1st trit., on first, second, third, fifth, sixth, and ninth
days (no symptoms after sixth day); 10b, same, took 12th dil. three times a day
for three days; 11, H., took 12th
dil., four times first day, once second day; 12,
A. T. H., took a dose of 1st dec. trit; 12a, same, repeated; 12b,
same, repeated; 12c, same, repeated daily for three days; 12d,
same, took 3d dil., first day once, second day twice; 12e,
same, took 3d dil., first and second days; 13,
Dr. P., took a dose of 3d trit.; 14,
Dr. S., took 30th dil., at 10 P.M. first day, night and morning second,
third, and fourth days; 15, X., took
12th dil. at 11 P.M., first and second days; 16,
Miss A. B., took 2d trit., morning and night, for three days; 17, Mr. T., for many years a sufferer from
articular rheumatism, with great enlargement of left knee, took 30th
dil. first day, frequently in water second and third day, a dry powder
evening fourth day; [This prover had not the slightest rheumatism from
the first dose. January 15th to February 8d (last entry), though he had
not been free from it two days at a time for over five years; the
enlargement of the knee entirely disappeared. -A T. H.] 18, Miss A., took same as Mr. T.; 19, Mr. B., took same as Mr. T.
MIND.
►
Delirious and comatose at intervals (twentieth day), [17]. ►
Depression of spirits, all day (after two hours), [7]. ► Seeming
depression with the headache; no desire to study (second day), [15]. ►
Very irritable; nothing goes right; fault-finding, dissatisfied with
everything previously done, no matter how well it was done before; find
that close application removes this tendency, but when unoccupied I fall
back into the same mood (third day), [15].
► Quite ill-natured and inclined to
view matters in a disagreeable light; did not seem able to feel settled
enough to know what to do (fifth day); the crossness became so intense,
that I felt myself getting very unreasonable, especially as to food,
which seemed all wrong in some way;
took a long ride and walk and tea away from home; food tasted wrong
still; mental condition was improved after a long walk (sixth day). Felt
more amiable, but the unsettled feeling remained (seventh day). All the
symptoms disappeared gradually during the next week, except the mental
condition, which continued, in a modified degree, for about sixteen days
after last powder, [2]. ► Desire to be let alone, [16]. ► On
attempting to apply my mind, became very nervous and irritable, least
thing disturbed me; nothing went right; desire to be quiet and not talk,
more in the afternoon, latter part (eighth day), [14]. ►
Disinclination for study or moving about, aggravated by turning head or
eyes, which are still sore (eighth day), [14].
► Dull condition of mind (ninth day),
[14]. [10.]
► After several days I began to be
troubled with a difficulty which I never experienced before; I found it
almost impossible to recall the names of friends with whom I was
perfectly familiar; I also found great difficulty in remembering words
which I wanted to use; I found great trouble to express my thoughts in
the most simple language on account of not being able to remember the
most simple words with which I was perfectly familiar; so marked as to
cause me great trouble, [13]. ► Inability to speak of things I know
perfectly well; recall names, etc., (first day), [12e]. ►
Inability to fix the mind on any particular thing; absent-mindedness
(first day); constant symptoms; can’t fix thoughts on any particular
subject (second day); mind very clear
(secondary), (third day), [12c]. ► Great difficulty in recalling (names)
words (first day), [7].
HEAD.
►
Vertigo. ► Some vertigo
(seventh day), [14]. ► Dizziness followed the vomiting (fourth
day), [16]. ►
Dizziness and nausea on stooping (third day), [12c]. ► General
Head. ► Head feels dull
(first day), [12c]. ► Dull pains through the head (first day), [12c]. ►
The first symptom noticeable was a dull pain all through the head,
followed by a sleepy condition, [11].
[20.] ►
Dull heavy headache, with seeming depression; no desire to study; worse
from 4 to 6 P.M. (second day), [15].
► After moving around, in the
morning, a dull heavy sensation in head, mostly forehead, especially
over left orbit near frontal prominence, aggravated by stooping; eyeball
sore and aches; in a few hours the pain in head spread, running back to
occiput; great heat in frontal region, relieved by pressure and cold,
and greatly aggravated by stooping or bending over (sixth day); not so
marked (seventh day), [14]. ► Head feels heavy (second day), [1]. ►
Headache extreme (third day), [5].
► Headache more severe than on
previous day, aggravated by least mental labor or motion, at 5 A.M.
(tenth day), [14]. ► Most severe pain in the head, with
throbbing of the carotids; the most severe pain was in the left side of
the head; not so much in right side (after one hour), [3]. ► Head
still aching so severely as to prevent study (third day), [15]. ► Head
exceedingly painful all over, but especially in the temple (sixteenth
day), [17]. ►
Head exceedingly irritable, and can’t turn it right or left, up or down,
or even turn the eyes without being nauseated (fifth and sixth days, [17]. ►
Head feels as if something would press out; aggravated from stooping,
walking, etc., and relieved by bathing in cold water (after three
hours), [3]. ► Forehead. [30.]
► Dull frontal headache, all day
(second day), [5]. ► Head feels dull and heavy in frontal
region (third day), [15]. ► Dull pain in forehead (third day), [12c]. ►
Dull pain over left eye (third day), [12c].
► Pain over right eye (after three
hours and a half), [8]. ► Headache over right eye, with sensation
of pressure outward of supraciliary ridge; the headache lasted about an
hour (fourth day), [6]. ► On getting up in the morning, slight
headache over the eyes; dull sleepy pain, with inability to breathe
through right nostril (second day), [8].
► Forehead full and hot, with a
sinking at the it of stomach, with thirst (eighth day); headache
continues, seems greatly aggravated, from 4 to 6 P.M. (ninth day), [14]. ►
Fine sharp pains in right infra-orbital nerve, with the constriction,
scraping sensation in pharynx (after half an hour), [10a]. ► Temples.
► Dull heavy pain in both temples,
with the scraping sensation in pharynx (after half an hour, second day);
passed off in the night but returned the next day, [10a]. [40.] ► Dull pain in temples and at root of nose,
lasting two hours (after half an hour, fifth day); repeated (sixth day),
[10a]. ►
Dull pain in temples, worse at night (second day); worse in afternoon,
with exhaustion and weak pulse (fourth day); less pain (fifth day), [10b]. ►
Heavy dull pain in temples, with sensation of exhaustion (third day), [10b]. ►
About 10 A.M., had a headache in both temples (something unusual for
me); sensation as if both temples were pressed outward; headache lasted
about an hour (second day), [6]. ► Dull pain in right temple (first day), [5]. ►
Severe headache in both temples, sensation of pressure from within
outward, with throbbing, and in frontal region a dull heavy ache.
Headache not a common symptom. Riding in the horse-cars was quite an
aggravation both to head and back from the jar. The headache gradually
disappeared during the morning (after two hours, second day); headache
quite severe during morning (third day), [2].
► Agonizing pain in both temples,
which would disappear as the desire to vomit decreased, [18]. ► Pains
in left side, mastoid cells (after one hour), [3]. ► Sharp
pain in left temple (first day), [5].
► Occiput. ► Headache in occipital region, with
sensation of pressure outward, in the afternoon, lasting about an hour
(third day), [6].
EYE.
[50.]
► Could not turn eyes upward or
around, they felt so sore; to move them would cause a pain to dart back
to occiput (third day), [15]. ► Eyes sore (sixth and seventh days), [14]. ►
Sensation of fulness in eyes, in evening (second day), [10a]. ► Pain
in the eyebrows, more in the left (after one hour), [3]. ► Pain in
inner canthus, left eye (after one hour), [3].
► Increased secretion of tears (third
day), [5]. ►
Conjunctiva yellow and a little congested (third day), [12c]. ►
Vision dull (third day), [12].
NOSE.
►
Dry coryza and frequent sneezing (first day), [12c]. ►
Inclination to sneeze (after three hours and a half), [8]. [60.] ► With the headache, in the morning,
inability to breathe through right nostril, which seemed to be plugged
up, but which was easily blown out (second day), [8]. ► Pain in
nose about half way down (after one hour), [3]. ► Dull
pain at root of nose and in temples, lasting two hours (after half an
hour, fifth day); repeated (sixth day), [10a].
FACE.
►
Paleness of the face (second day), [12c].
► Face quite pale (second day), [2]. ►
Dry and burning lips (first day), [5].
MOUTH.
►
Tongue coated yellowish-white on back part; red on extremity and edges;
raised papillæ (strawberry tongue), particularly on tip (second day), [1]. ►
Tongue coated brown in the centre, and deep yellow on the edges (fifth
and sixth days), [17]. ► Hard palate gives sensation of roughness
when touching it with tongue, and papillæ can be felt, slightly tender
(second day), [1]. ► Mucous membrane of mouth seems rough
(second day), [1]. [70.] ►
Increase of saliva, [12b]. ► When conscious, complains of a sweet
sickish taste in mouth (twentieth day), [17].
► Acrid taste in mouth, [12b]. ►
Peculiar taste in mouth, morning (early), (first day), [5]. ► Flat
insipid taste in mouth (second day), [1].
THROAT.
►
Tough tenacious mucus in posterior nares, extending into larynx (second
day), [12c]. ►
Thick mucus in posterior nares (second day), [12d]. ►
Throat very sore and a sense of constriction on swallowing; hardly able
to swallow (first day), [12c]. ► Throat felt quite sore, especially on
attempting to swallow, even empty swallowing; soreness was over whole
throat, more on right side, a very common
symptom (after thirteen hours, second day), [2]. ► A
slight sore throat; raw smarting as if I had drank hot water (ninth to
twelfth day), [14]. [80.] ►
Severe smarting of the throat, lasting for an hour or two (after first
powder), [9b]. ► Sore smarting feeling in throat (first
day), [12c]. ►
Very soon throat began to smart and feel rough, [12a]. ►
Smarting in throat, [12b]. ► Irritation in throat, as from dust (soon,
second morning), [12d]. ► Throat feels dry (after one hour), [3]. ►
Constriction, scraping sensation in vault of pharynx, accompanied by
fine sharp pains in right infraorbital nerve; these symptoms continued
for about an hour, and then passed off (after half an hour); accompanied
by dull heavy pain in both temples (after half an hour); same sensation
in pharynx (third day), [10a]. ► Raw sensation in pharynx, with scraping
(after half an hour, fifth day); raw sensation (sixth day), [10a]. ►
Throat has become affected; tonsils swollen and of a bright-red color,
with difficulty in swallowing (after one hour and a half, second day);
throat so badly swollen that I ceased taking the drug (after third dose,
second day), [1].
STOMACH.
►
Appetite and Thirst. ► No
appetite (eighth day), [14]. [90.] ►
Loathing of food for two days (after five days), until menstruation set
in, [16]. ►
Thirst, not relieved by drinking, with the fulness and heat in the
forehead (eighth day), [14]. ► Nausea and Vomiting. ► With the abdominal colic great nausea and
retching, and considerable quantity of greenish-yellow fluid was vomited
up; this vomiting was accompanied by an agonizing pain in both temples,
which disappeared as the desire to vomit decreased, [18]. ► Nausea
and dizziness on stooping, the nausea continuing for a long time (third
day), [12c]. ►
Several times during the day had slight nausea (second day); some nausea
(third day), [2]. ► Very slight inclination to nausea (second
day), [1]. ►
Some nausea (seventh day), [14]. ► The fourth evening ate three oysters on
the way home from a place of amusement; it was a bitter cold night, and
as soon as I became comfortably warm, I began to be very sick at my
stomach, or rather the feeling of nausea was more in the œsophagus and
throat; as the nausea increased an icy-cold feeling crept up the
extremities, commencing at the very tip of the fingers and toes belching
would have relieved had it been possible; the cold feeling above
mentioned was very gradual in its ascent and descent, and when the two
distinct currents reached the abdomen, it was as if electricity had been
applied to them, giving a shock which almost made me jump; this was the
beginning of a pain, griping and continuous, steady and variable, until
there was an evacuation; about 1 A.M. the nausea was so intense that
vomiting was readily induced by running the finger down the throat, and
continued until daylight, alternating with evacuation of fæces;
vomiting every time in large quantities, as if everything eaten for the
past week being ejected; character of vomiting of a yellowish creamy
consistency, sour and offensive; undigested material, accompained by
mucus, which was expectorated with difficulty, notwithstanding the fact
that the throat seemed full; followed by dizziness each time; every time
there is comparative ease the desire to vomit or defecate is immediately
felt; warmth evidently aggravated both, also quiet. In a modified form
these symptoms continued all the next day, [16]. ► Stomach.
► Peculiar gone sensation at stomach
(seventh day); with no appetite (eighth day), [14]. ►
Sinking at the pit of the stomach, with the fulness and heat of the
forehead (eighth day), [14].
ABDOMEN.
[100.]
► After an hour dull pain commenced
in left hypochondriac region, and then changing into epigastric region,
very severe, then shooting up under the left scapula, aggravated by
motion and relieved while sitting, [12].
► Painful stitches in left
hypochondrium (second day), [1]. ► Dull pain in umbilical region, after each
stool (third day), [10b]. ► When awake, at about 3 A.M., felt quite
severe abdominal colic, which lasted but a short time. On arising, about
6 A.M., same day, was attacked with the same pain, so severely that I
went back to bed again; it passed off in about half an hour, when I
arose, feeling as well as usual; this was a steady severe pain, felt all
through the abdomen; no production of gas or flatus; the same night, on
retiring, pain returned slightly, which was the last of pains of any
kind (fifth day), [9]. ► For twenty-four hours preceding the
menses she was in quite a little distress, with colic, cramps, and a
profuse watery leucorrhœa; when the menses were established the pain
was less in intensity, but the same in character; the period lasted four
days, and the pain was persistent to the last, leaving her quite weak
and very much depressed in spirits (after seven days), [18]. ► Colic
with the menses, [18]. ► Some colic after a passage of the bowels
(second day), [10b]. ► Griping and continuous pain, steady and
variable, until there was an evacuation, when the character of the pains
changed; they became colicky, coming suddenly, relieved immediately by
discharge (fourth night), [10]. ► Dull pain through abdomen, in morning
(third day), [12c]. ► Much pain in abdomen (fourth day), [5]. [110.]
► Slight uncomfortable sensation in
bowels, with distension and tight feeling in abdomen (third day);
distension (fourth day), [2]. ► Wearied feeling in abdomen (fifth day), [16]. ►
2 P.M. peculiar sensation in lower part of abdomen, followed by intense
desire for stool, but did not wait on them for nearly an hour (fourth
day), [14]. ►
Pain in left inguinal region (third day), [3].
RECTUM AND ANUS.
►
During afternoon most intense itching in rectum, which is a very common
symptom; great itching during night (first day); remains unabated
(second day), [12e]. ► Slight burning in rectum during stool
(ninth day), [14]. ► Smarting of anus at stool, with
constipation (second day), [12c]. ► Constant inclination to stool, but quite
insufficent and rather white in color;
this continued for about eight or ten days, then became quite natural
again (after three days), [2]. ► I have noticed for some time a desire for
stool, in the evening, in addition to the usual morning one, [12e].
STOOL.
►
Diarrhœa, with tenesmus (fourth day), [5].
[120.] ►
A profuse diarrhœic stool, painless but urgent, at 4 P.M.; another
loose passage from bowels, at 8 P.M. (first day); diarrhœa, with some
colic after a passage (second day); three stools between 2 and 4 P.M.
(third day); diarrhœa, as previous day (fourth day); no passage from
bowels (fifth and sixth day), [10b].
► At 1.30 A.M., first discharge very
hard, then liquid, until it became involuntary; discharge brownish and
slimy; desire to defecate or vomit as soon as there is comparative ease;
warmth aggravated both, also quiet (fourth night), [16]. ► At 9
A.M., stool rather more soft than usual; at 8 P.M., still more
diarrhœic, with more severe burning during and after stool, with
considerable tenesmus (ninth day), [14].
► For about three weeks thought the
drug acted on the bowels by producing one evacuation at night, in
addition to the usual morning one (after five days), [8]. ► Bowels
have not moved since taking the first powder (fifth and sixth days), [17]. ►
Bowels constipated, with smarting of anus, at stool (second day), [12c]. ►
Constipation (fourth day), [2].
URINARY ORGANS.
►
Kidneys torpid (fifth and sixth days), [17].
► Sharp pains in region of right
kidney (when walking), lasting only a short time (second day), [3]. ►
Great deal of burning in urethra during micturition, but no change in
the quantity passed (third day), [16].
[130.] ►
Waked up very early in the morning and was called to urinate, which left
a brickdust sediment, very adherent
to the chamber (second morning), [12d].
► In the evening desire to urinate
frequently, although passing small quantities at a time; had to arise
four times during the night to urinate; by measurement found the total
quantity rather more than normal; urine pale-colored, [4]. ► Called
to urinate at 12 M., an hour earlier than usual, quantity normal (after
two hours); at 1.30 P.M., urinated again; urinated four times during the
day; at each time the quantity was normal or nearly so, perhaps slightly
increased, but in the aggregate considerably increased, [7]. ► Involuntary
emission of urine on walking (third day), [3]. ► Whole
amount of urine voided 40 ounces, sp. gr. 1024 (ninth day), [14]. ►
Urine, amount voided 38 ounces, sp. gr. 1008 (first day); 39 ounces, sp.
gr. 1024 (second day); 11 ounces, sp. gr. 1024, 7 A.M. (third day), [15]. ►
Urine more profuse and high-colored, [3].
SEXUAL ORGANS.
►
Female. ► Menses one week
in advance of proper time (after nine days), [9a]. ► Menses
too early by two days, and too profuse; dark-red blood; flooding worse
on motion; all through the menstrual period a prolonged bearing-down
pain, which is unusual; before the period shuddering all over body and
intolerable aching in back and lower extremities; desire to be let alone
from beginning to end (after six days), [16].
► Catamenia delayed about a week, and
secretion diminished, [9].
RESPIRATORY ORGANS.
[140.] ►
At 4 P.M., a peculiar cough, which is excited at every forced
inspiration through the nose, only one cough at a time (fourth day), [14]. ►
Slight cough (second morning), [8].
CHEST.
►
8 P.M., feeling of formication deep in tissue of lung (eighth day), [14]. ►
One sharp stabbing pain in right lung; at 4 P.M., repeated stabbing
pains in right lung, middle lobe; at 9 P.M., dull aching pains in left
lung, also some sharp pains in right; symptoms all of short duration
(second day), [12b]. ► In the afternoon had a dull pain in the
pectoral muscles, of an aching character; also pain in the biceps, near
its insertion; muscles sore on pressure (second day), [11]. ► Dull
pains through thorax (first day), [12e].
► At the time of the chill there was
a dull pain and feeling of constriction in the left chest (after two
hours, second day), [10].
HEART AND PULSE.
►
Dull pain in region of heart (first day), [12c].
► Pulse 98 (sixteenth day); 104
(twentieth day), [17]. ► Pulse went from 70 to 90; remained in
high fever for four hours (after three hours), [3]. [150.] ► Pulse 70 (first day); 74 (second day);
90, at 7. M. (third day), [15]. ► Pulse 70 (ninth day), [14]. ► Pulse
very weak, hardly perceptible (second day), [12e]. ► Weak
pulse (fourth day), [10b].
BACK.
►
In the afternoon, while out walking, could with difficulty get home, my
back and limbs felt so very tired; it seemed as if my ordinary
walking-boots weighed several pounds more than usual, and it was with
great effort that I could lift my feet enough to get upstairs after
reaching home; after resting for some time this excessive fatigue passed
off (second day), [2]. ► Dull throbbing pain under left scapula,
running upward, [12a]. ► Dull aching pains in left lumbar region
and lower extremities; muscular pains, [12b].
► After walking around dull pain in
lumbar region and lower extremities, relieved in a degree by walking,
soon passed off, [12]. ► Severe pain of dull character in small of
back, and sense of weight there also, as if all my clothing were hanging
from back; this sense of supporting a heavy weight extended to hip and
even down to the knees; riding in the horse-cars was quite an
aggravation both to head and back from the jar, yet felt a very strong
disinclination to exert myself enough to get out of the car; the pain in
the back continued, and seemed to prevent my standing erect, in the
afternoon; pressure upon the sacral region was an amelioration (after
two hours, second day); pain in back, but not very marked (third day), [2]. ►
Dull aching pains in lumbo-sacral region, and down thighs, with
increased tingling in soles of feet (after five hours and a half), [1]. [160.]
► Lancinating pains in lumbar region,
aggravated by walking (third day), [3].
EXTREMITIES.
►
Exhausted, weary feeling in limbs, with very slight inclination to
nausea (second day), [1]. ► Some weakness in hands and feet (second
morning), [1].
SUPERIOR EXTREMITIES.
► Sudden pain in left arm, apparently
muscular, in region of insertion of deltoid muscles; arms seem weak,
with desire to let them drop down at the side; muscles seem exhausted,
as after lifting heavy weights when unaccustomed to it (after two
hours), [1]. ►
Pain in bones of left forearm (third day), [5]. ► Dull
pain through right forearm, [12a].
► Numbness and tingling in third and
little fingers of left hand, extending up outer palmar surface (after
three hours), [1].
INFERIOR EXTREMITIES.
► Dull feeling in lower extremities (first
day), [12c]. ►
Dull pain in lower extremities, with the dull pain in the lumbar region,
[12]. ►
Dull aching pains in the lower extremities and left lumbar region;
muscular pains, [12b]. [170.] ►
Dull pain in left lower extremity (third day), [12c]. ►
Aching in the calves (after five hours and a half), [1]. ► Soles
of feet sore, swollen, and tender, with slight tingling (second
morning), [1]. ► Tingling and numb sensation in soles of
feet, which are hotter than usual (after three hours), [1].
GENERALITIES.
►
During the afternoon became extremely restless; must move about; must
keep feet or hands on the go; at the same time the mind seemed to be
obscured as by a cloud; could not see clearly; indifference to all that
was going around me, [4]. ► Muscles feel weak (eighth day), [14]. ►
Weakness seems to be confined to muscular system throughout; slight
debility in every part; better when sitting down and when quiet, yet the
numb sensation is more marked at
this time (second day), [1]. ► Lassitude is very marked; when going
upstairs, feel as if limbs were unable to accomplish the last four
steps; desire to drop into the nearest chair, across the bed, or
anywhere else to get rest, and notwithstanding this lassitude, while in
the street walking about, no such languor is experienced (second day), [1]. ►
Lassitude quite marked two hours before dinner, with not much appetite,
better after eating (eighth day), [14].
► General exhaustion (fifth day), [16]. [180.]
► Sensation of exhaustion, with the
pains in temples (third day); with weak pulse and dull pain in temples
(fourth day); exhaustion continues (fifth day); not so marked (sixth
day), [10b]. ►
Faintness and prostration (fourth day), [5].
► Sensation of faintness with the
chill; the feeling of faintness remained for several hours (after two
hours, second day), [10]. ► Felt wretched the whole day; could not
describe how, but was hot, cold, sick, and disgusted with himself (third
day); felt worse and did not go to business (fourth day), [17]. ► Felt
very weak and feverish (sixteenth day); had a homœopathic physician,
who cured me in four days, so that I could be up and about, but still
feel very weak (twentieth day), [17].
► Symptoms more marked while sitting
(after five hours and a half), [1].
► Symptoms remained about the same;
an aggravation was noticed every afternoon (ninth to twelfth day), [14].
SKIN.
►
Objective. ► Eruption fine
and miliary appeared on the face, neck, and head, before menses, [18]. ►
Discovered at night circular patches, about the size of a silver dollar,
of eruptions, feeling like small grains under the skin, between the
upper part of shoulderblades; there was no pain nor itching, and no
inflammation beyond slight redness; this continued, gradually
disappearing, for about two weeks; never had such before that I remember
(after three days), [2]. ► Small pimples on chest, containing pus,
angry-looking (second day), [2]. [190.] ► A
small pimple made its appearance upon the right malar bone, which was
very painful (sixth day); the eruption proves to be a boil of no
respectable dimensions; it interferes with mastication, with speech, and
gives a great deal of intense throbbing pin, as well as a sensation of
soreness and tenderness over the entire head, including the cervical
glands of right side (eighth day); there are three angry boils upon the
neck, so located as to interfere with the neck dressing, and one in the
hollow of the back of the neck, the latter being violently painful, and
sending out shooting pains to the vertex and to outer side; there are
also numerous boils on the abdominal walls, as well as on the ilium,
varying in size and disposition (eleventh day); boil on the face is
better; those on the neck still painful, and upon opening one
considerable blood, and but little purulent matter, exuded; those upon
the lower part of the body are in all stages of progress; they are
increasing in number and in degree of pain, so that either sitting,
standing, or lying, the pain and discomfort are unendurable (thirteenth
day); the boils are not so painful, and some of the red spots which
appeared, and which promised to be boils, have disappeared (sixteenth
day), [17]. ►
The third day a boil made its appearance on the right temple, and within
three days afterwards he had nine
well-developed ones on various parts of his body. [19]. ►
Subjective. ► Tickling
sensation confined to single spots on inside little finger (left hand),
with increase of sensation already described in hands and feet; feel as
when recovering after having been in the condition commonly called
“sleeping of the limbs;” crawling-tickling sensation in
various parts of the body, as from contact of fleas,
first on back part of head, then on leg and genital organs, with
irresistible desire to scratch the part, which at once relieves, as does
moving about; tickling felt on shoulder and nates, in fact all parts of
the body seem to be subject to this peculiar sensation (after one hour
and a half, second day), [1]. ► Great itching of the skin, especially on
inner part of thigh and arms; fine red spots are found, which seemed to
be deep in the skin; itched a great deal; aggravated forepart of night;
relieved while scratching, aggravated after (tenth day), [14].
SLEEP.
►
Falls asleep easily in the daytime, and talks as soon as unconscious;
the naps are of short duration, and feel worse after awaking (sixteenth
day), [17]. ►
Sleepy condition all the afternoon; after retiring felt very sleepy, but
could not sleep; very restless all night (first day); very sleepy all
day; could not listen to the lectures without going to sleep (second
day), [11]. ►
Very sleepy in the first part of the evening; retired early; sleepless
and restless during the night; sexual dreams (first night), [8]. ►
Very sleepy but cannot sleep, for every time the trial is
made and there is comparative ease, the desire to vomit or defecate is
immediately felt (fourth night), [16].
► Slept well in first part of night,
latter part disturbed (tenth day), [14].
► Cannot sleep well after 4 A.M.
(seventh day); slept well till about 5 A.M.; slept some after till 7,
but greatly disturbed in mind (eighth day), [14]. [200.] ► Could not seem to get into a sound sleep
on going back to bed; very light sleep after rising to urinate (first
night), [12d]. ► Woke about 5.30 A.M., two hours earlier
than usual, and could not go to sleep again; no particularly unpleasant
feelings; waking so early a very unusual
symptom; very sleepy about 11 A.M., quite common if I am
disturbed early in the morning (third day); woke in the same manner
(fourth day); again woke early (fifth day), [2]. ► Sleep
at night disturbed by dreams; dreamed of
urinating (first night), [7].
FEVER.
►
Slight chill, accompanied by a sensation of faintness; the chill soon
passed off (after two hours, second day); slight chill (after two hours,
third day), [10]. ► On going into quite a warm room, about 6
P.M., quite a severe chill, lasting several moments, extending over my
back (after eleven hours, second day), [2].
► Nose cold and pale (second day), [12e]. ►
As the nausea increased, an icy-cold feeling crept up the extremities,
commencing at the very tip of the fingers and toes; it was very gradual
in its ascent and descent, and when the two distinct currents reached
the abdomen, it was as if electricity had been applied to them, giving a
shock which almost made me jump (fourth night), [16]. ► During
the day great coldness of the extremities; hands and feet feel as if I
had damp stockings on (second day), [12e].
► Temperature 98° (first day); 96°
(second day), [15]. ► Very feverish and weak (sixteenth day), [17]. [210.]
► Head hot and skin dry (after one
hour), [3]. ►
Face feels hot, as if on fire (after one hour), [3]. ► A
sensation of spreading heat commencing in the chest and spreading both
ways, more especially to the head (eighth day), [14].
CONDITIONS.
►
Aggravation. ► (Afternoon), 4 to 6 P.M., headache; the
symptoms. ► (Mental
labor), Headache. ► (During micturition), Burning in urethra. ► (Motion),
Headache; pain in abdomen. ► (Quiet), Desire to vomit and defecate. ► (Riding in
horse-cars), Headache; pain in back. ►
(While sitting), The symptoms. ► (Stooping),
Dizziness and nausea; dulness in head; heat in frontal region; pressure
in head. ► (Swallowing),
Sore throat. ► (Turning head or eyes), Disinclination for
study or moving about. ► (Walking), Pressure in head; pain in lumbar
region. ► (Warmth),
Desire to vomit and to defecate. ►
Amelioration. ► (Close application), Irritable mood. ► (Bathing in cold
water), Pressure in head. ►
(Cold), Heat in frontal region. ► (Pressure),
Heat in frontal region. ► (Pressure on sacral region), Pain in small of
back. ► (While
sitting), Pain in abdomen. ►
(After a long walk), Mental
condition.
SUPPLEMENT: SAPONINUM.
Authority.
20,
Dr. Keppler, Berlin Klin. Woch., Nos. 32, 33, 34, 1878 (Med. Record,
vol. xv, 1879, p. 153).►
In each experiment he injected 0.1
gram of Saponin into the inner side of his left thigh. The immediate
local effect was development of a cutaneous inflammation resembling
erysipelas, but much more painful. This inflammation increased in
violence for twenty-four hours, remained stationary for the same length
of time, and then diminished rapidly. The general symptoms produced by
this violent local irritation were the same as would be excited by any
very painful injection. The specific local effects of the Saponin,
anæsthesia of the point of injection to other irritants, set in about
fifteen minutes after the injection, and persisted less than fifteen
minutes. The area of the anæsthesia was identical with that of the
paleness caused by the injected solution, i. e.,
it extended as far as the Saponin solution spread in the subcutaneous
tissue, and bathed directly the ends of the nerves. Of the specific
general effects of the drug the most important was undoubtedly its
action on the temperature. This rose steadily for three hours, and then
fell gradually to the normal point, which it reached within twenty-four
hours. For the next two days there was some fever, but on the fifth day
the temperature was far below the normal point, reaching the collapse
point of 93°. The pulse also was somewhat elevated the first three
days, and fell on the fifth day to 65 per minute. The rise in the
temperature during the first three days was evidently due to the violent
local inflammation, and it would have been much more excessive had it
not been for the specific depressing action of the drug on the pulse and
temperature; this manifested itself in its full power on the fifth day,
after the local inflammation had subsided. Other general effects of the
drug were, marked bodily and mental depression, somnolence, and
salivation. The pain, exophthalmus, and strabismus of the left eye, and
the greater depression of the temperature on the left side (2 4/5° on
the fifth day), must be ascribed to direct alteration of the
nerve-centres, while the pain in the knee and the swelling of the glands
in the left groin, were evidently due to direct transmission of
inflammation, [20].® 2000
Article