SALICINUM.
Salicin, C13H18O7.
An active principle (Glucoside?) obtained from
different species of willow (Salix), spiræa, etc.Moderately soluble (1 to 30) in water and alcohol.
Preparations
, Triturations.
Authorities.
1,
Ranke, Prakt. Chem. Untersuchungen, etc., Erlangen, 1851, took 96 grams
in three days, and at another time took 220 grams in three weeks; 2, Busch, Hufel. J., 77, 2, 50, a woman took
eight doses of 0.3 gram; 3, John A.
Erskine Stuart, Practitioner, 1877, p. 425.
HEAD.
►
Confusion of the head, [2].
EYE.
►
Flickering before the eyes, [1]. ► Fog and sparks before the eyes, for five
days, [2].
EAR.
►
Persistent ringing in the ears (third day of first experiment), [1].
URINARY ORGANS.
►
This substance is excreted in the urine in the form of salicyl hydride,
which sinks to the bottom of the urine as a fine crystalline cloud; it
is easily detected by the perchloride of iron tests, [3].
SUPPLEMENT: SALICINUM.
Authorities.
4,
S. Ringer, M.D., and J. S. Burg, Journ. of Anat. and Phys., vol. xi,
1877, p. 595, observations on a boy, aged ten years; for the first three
days he took no medicine, on the fourth day we gave Salicin in two
doses, each of 30 grains, and on the next day a dose of 60 grains; 5, same, observations on a boy, aged nine
years; his temperature was taken hourly in the rectum; for two days he
took no medicine; on the next two days, he took Salicin in doses of 30
grains, at 10 and 11 A.M., 2, 3, 5, and 6 P.M.; the next day, same at 10
and 11 A.M., 12 M., 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 P.M.; 6,
Dr. Wheeler quotes a case, Hom. Times, vol. vi, p. 27 (Organon, vol. i,
1878, p. 302), Dr. Nankivell, took 10 grains one afternoon.
MIND.
►
Dulness, so that he did not seem very well to understand questions
(third day), [5]. ► Dulness and heaviness (in fifteen
minutes), [4].
HEAD.
►
Giddiness, [4]. ► Headache (in twelve minutes), [4].
EYE.
[10.]
► Slight injection of conjunctiva, [4].
EAR.
►
Tingling in the right ear (third day), [5].
► Deafness (third day), [5].
FACE.
►
Face flushed and dull (second day), [5].
► Flushing of the face (in twelve
minutes), [4]. ► Slight tremor of the lips on speaking
(third day), [5].
STOMACH.
►
Vomited twice (third day), [5].
RESPIRATORY ORGANS.
►
Thick husky voice (third day), [5].
► Breathing rather labored (third
day), [5]. ►
Grasping power weaker than before (third day), [5].
SUPERIOR EXTREMITIES.
[20.] ►
Slight spasmodic movements of the upper limbs (third day), [5]. ►
Trembling of hands when held out (third day), [5].
INFERIOR EXTREMITIES.
► Slight jerks of the lower limbs when they
are raised from the bed (third day), [5].
GENERALITIES.
►
Muscular twitches (in thirty-five minutes), [4]. ► Much
irritability of the muscles on percussion (third day), [5]. ►
Muscular weakness (in fifteen minutes), [4].
FEVER.
►
In the evening he had malaise and chilliness. He slept well at night,
and awoke apparently well in the morning. By 10 A.M., he felt the
malaise returning. There was headache, fugitive pains all over the body,
with fever. At noon the temperature was over 101°. This continued all
day. He slept well at night, and next day was well. About a month
afterwards he brought on a less severe attack of the same kind with a
similar dose, [6]. ► On the fourth day, after taking three
observations, at intervals of a quarter of an hour, we gave my mouth, 30
grains of Salicin dissolved in water, at 9.45, and another 30-grain dose
at 10.50. The medicine produced a decided, though slight effect on the
temperature. Thus throughout the day the temperature remained more
stationary than on non-Salicin days. After the first dose, there
occurred a fall of 0.2°. Fahr.; during the next hour it rose 0.4°. in
spite of second dose, and the maximum temperature of the day was
attained at 11.40. Then instead of rising after dinner and tea, as on
the previous non-Salicin days, it slowly and continuously declined, so
that at 8 P.M., it had fallen 0.4°, then the diurnal variation
commenced, and amounted to 1.7°. Thus the effect of the Salicin on this
day was to lower the temperature 0.2°, and to prevent the rise after
dinner and tea. Next (fifth) day, after three observations, we gave in
one dose 60 grains of Salicin dissolved in 2 ounces of water, at 9.40
A.M. The temperature from this time gradually fell, reaching its maximum
fall of 0.8° at 11 A.M.; it then rose and had recovered itself at 12
M., and between 12 M. and 5 P.M., it rose 0.3°; the evening fall then
began and amounted to 1.70°. There was no rise after dinner, and only
0.2° after tea. Thus, on this day, the effect was a fall of 0.8°,
lasting about two hours, and no rise after food. The amount of diurnal
variation was unaffected on both Salicin days, [4]. On the first day the temperature rose
between 9 A.M. and 1 P.M. 0.9° Fahr., and then slowly fell; the diurnal
variation apparently beginning about 6 P.M., and amounting to 2.9°
Fahr. Next day, also with Salicin, the course of the temperature was
very singular. It remained pretty stationary from 9 A.M. till 1 P.M.,
and then fell 1°, remaining about this point till 9 P.M., and again
fell 1.6°; the diurnal variation amounting to 2.3°. Next day, the
first on which Salicin was given, the temperature fell after the dose of
30 grains, 0.4° in one hour and a half, and remained depressed for
about three hours, and then rose to its original height in spite of the
continuance of the medicine. The evening fall began at 7.30 P.M., and
the diurnal variation amounted to 1.9° Fahr. The only effect,
therefore, of the Salicin, was very slight and temporary depression of
the temperature, not maintained by the continuance of the medicine, and
the diurnal fall was not quite so great as on the two previous days,
though within the limits of the variation of health. Next day, when 3
drachms of Salicin, in divided doses, was given, the temperature was not
even temporarily depressed; in fact; it rose 0.6° between 9 A.M. and 1
P.M., and then slowly fell 0.3° till 3.30 P.M. The evening fall began
between 7 and 8 P.M., and the diurnal variation amounted to 1.5°. Next
day, with very marked symptoms, though without Salicin, the temperature
ran the same course; rising gradually from 9 A.M. till 1 P.M., and after
4 P.M. slowly falling till 12 P.M.; the daily variation amounting to
only 0.9°. On these two days the only apparent effect was to lessen the
diurnal range, with a very slight increase in the maximum temperature of
the day; and, strange to say, these effects were marked most on the day
following the large doses of Salicin. Next day, temperature pretty
stationary, varying only 0.2° from 9 A.M. till 6 P.M., and then fell;
the diurnal variation amounting to 1.8°, [5].® 2000
Article