CHLOROFORMUM.
Formula
, CHCl3.
Preparation
, for internal administration, solutions in
alcohol.
Authorities.
1, Lembke,
provings with repeated doses of 1 to 22 drops, A. H. Z., 39; p. 369; 2, Dr. Board, effects of 4 ounces internally, Br. Med. J., 1866; 3, Dr. Busey, effects of a teaspoonful internally, Am. J. of Med.
Sc., Oct. 1872; 4, Chereau, effects of 37 1/2 drachms,
Med. Times and Gaz., 1857; 5, Dowling, effects of 1 1/2
ounces, B. and F. Med.-Chir. Rev., July, 1864; 6,
Dunereicher, effects of inhalation, Lond. Ed. M. J. of M. Sc., 19, 372; 7, Fricke, effects of a tablespoonful internally, Phil. Med.
Times, May, 1871; 8, Haffoldt, chronic effects of
habitual inhalation by an asthmatic patient, L’Art Méd., 6, 378; 9,
Hammond, inhalation, fatal, Med. T. and Gaz., 17, 174, n. s.; 10,
Lamm, fatal case of drinking considerable for sleeplessness, A. H. Z. (M. B.), 5, 42; 11, Langenbeck, inhalation, Deutsche Klin., 48; 12, Mackei, effect of 12 1/2 drachms internally, Union. Med.,
1864; 13, Richet, fatal inhalation, Med Times and Gaz.,
18, 142; 14, C. H. Smith, 2 ounces internally, Am. J. M.
Sc., Oct. 1857; 15, Spence, 2 ounces internally, Lancet,
Aug. 1856; 16, Yvonneau, general effects, Hirschel’s
Archiv., 1, 158; 17, Holmes, effects of 3 1/2 ounces,
Assoc. Journ., 1856; 18, Journ. de Toul., 1857, a woman
swallowed 2 ounces; 19, Pringle, effects of 2 ounces
internally, Lancet, 1856; 20, Robert, Gaz. des Hôp,
1853; 21, Santesson, inhalation, Hygeia, 2, 599; 22, effects of inhaling for extraction of tooth, All. Med. Zeit.
(from Am. Obs., 7, 528); 23, Berridge, effects of
inhalation, M. H. Rev., 16, 38.
MIND.
► Emotional. ► Wild excitement, followed by complete insensibility, [17]. ► On waking from
its effects she felt almost tipsy, frequently laughing, and not understanding what she said
or did, [23]. ►
Laughed and talked; told how the medicine burnt her tongue and hurt her (after half an
hour), [3]. ►
Talked nonsense, but spoke grammatically, [23]. ► In two provers obscene
language was used under its influence, [23]. ► In two cases they sung
comic songs, and one addressed the surgeon in a most familiar manner, [23]. ► Afterwards she could
scarcely be persuaded to leave the piano, of which she was very fond; she would have
continued playing all night if permitted; she could scarcely be persuaded to go to bed, [23]. ► Intellectual.
► Seemed scarcely to understand anything said to him, and
kept on muttering, [2]. ►
The patient pronounced some incoherent words, and sought to get away from the chloroform, [13]. [10.] ► Insensible, still continuing to vomit (soon after), [12]. ► Could not be
roused from insensibility (after ten minutes), [14]. ► Remained unconscious for ten hours, and felt no uneasiness on
awaking, [8]. ►
Entirely unconscious (after eight minutes), [7]. ► Lying in a state of perfect unconsciousness (apparently in a
profound sleep), from which she could not be roused (after twenty minutes), [15]. ► Complete unconsciousness, [19]. ► Utter loss of
consciousness, [12].
HEAD.
► Vertigo. ► Sensation of vertigo rising from the spine into the occiput
(fourth day), [1]. ►
Vertigo, [16]. ►
Dizziness, [7]. [20.]
► Whirling of the head; sensation as if he would fall
forward (second day), [1]. ►
Sensation as if the ground were waving, on closing the eyes (third day), [1]. ► General Head. ► Empty feeling in the head (fourth day), [1]. ► The head is light, with a
peculiar sensation of clearness (first day), [1]. ► Heaviness of the head (fourth and fifth days), [1]. ► Heaviness in the head and
pain in the forehead (sixth day), [1]. ► Felt a rush of something to the head, [7]. ► Headache, [16]. ► Violent headache (after
sixteen hours), [16]. ►
Pressure in various places in the brain (fifth day), [1].
[30.] ► Pressure in
various parts of the brain (sixth day), [1]. ► Temples. ► Pressing in
the temples (fifth day), [1]. ►
Pressure upon the temples (second day), [1]. ► Occiput. ► Heaviness
of the occiput (fourth day), [1]. ► Heaviness in the occiput, with vertigo (fifth day), [1].
EYE.
► Lids. ► Inclination to close the eyes (fourth day), [1]. ► Eyes closed involuntarily
(fifth day), [1]. ►
The eyes close in spite of one (fourth day), [1]. ► Lachrymal Apparatus. ►
Moisture of the eyes (third day), [1]. ► Moisture, almost lachrymation of the eyes (third day), [1]. ► Conjunctiva.
[40.] ► Conjunctivæ
injected, [13]. ►
Conjunctiva quite insensible (after twenty minutes), [15].
► Ball. ► The
eyes were suddenly turned up, [9]. ► Eyes fixed towards upper and inner angle, [5]. ► Pupil. ► Pupils dilated (third day), [1].
► Pupils dilated (just before death), [20]. ► Pupils dilated and
insensible, [5], [11],
[16]. ► Pupils
widely dilated and insensible, [4]. ► Pupils very much dilated, [2].
► Pupils enormously dilated, [12]. [50.] ►
Pupils very large (third day), [1]. ► Pupils contracted (second day), [1]. ► Pupils at first contracted
(soon), (fifth day), [1]. ►
Pupils very much contracted (after twenty minutes), [15].
► Pupils greatly contracted, [18], [19]. ► Pupils variable, now dilated, now contracted, [17]. ► Pupils during narcosis
dilated; afterward, before death, contracted, [10]. ► Vision. ► Everything
seemed more distinct than usual (immediately), [1]. ► Dimness before the eyes (sixth day), [1]. ► Darkness before the eyes
(fourth day), [1]. [60.]
► All seemed to grow dark except one bright spot, [23]. ► The sight gradually went during inhalation till everything seemed quite
dark; it returned gradually, [23]. ► Dark points and bright
streaks before the eyes (fourth day), [1]. ► Small black points float before the eyes (third day), [1]. ► Dark spots before
the eyes, with bright spots on closing them (fourth day), [1].
► Large black spots before the eyes (second day), [1]. ► A number of small
gray spots and linear bodies appear to float a few inches before the eye; while looking at a
distance they follow the motion of the eye; the same appearance before each eye separately
(third day), [1]. ►
Numerous bright points before the eyes, with great inclination to close the eyes, and much
yawning (fourth day), [1]. ►
Bright and dark points; white flames when the eyes are closed, or when looking at a dark
background (fifth day), [1]. ►
Bright and dark spots before the eyes (sixth day after fifteen minutes), [1]. [70.] ►
Flickering before the eyes (fifth day), [1]. ► Sparks before the eyes, [16].
► Flashes of light before the eyes, [7].
EAR.
► Ears seemed stopped
with cotton (fifth day), [1]. ►
Ringing in the ears (fifth day), [1], [16]. ► Roaring in the ears (sixth
day), [1]. ►
Roaring in the ears like boiling water (fifth day), [1].
NOSE.
► Objective. ► Nostrils obstructed by swelling of the mucous membrane, [8]. ► Bleeding from the
left nostril a teaspoonful of dark blood; if afterwards bleeds easily (fifth day), [1]. ► Smell. ► Sense of smell is weaker than usual (third day), [1]. [80.] ► Entire loss of smell (lasted two months), [8].
FACE.
► Cadaverous
countenance, [4], [12].
► Expression that of a person partially intoxicated
(after half an hour), [3]. ►
Some flushing of the face, [9]. ►
Face flushed, [13]. ►
Face livid, [6]; (after two hours), [11], [19]. ► Face became turgid, [9].
► Trismus, [6].
MOUTH.
► Teeth. ► Teeth smooth, as after acids (fourth day), [1]. ► Tongue. ► Tongue pale, [8]. [90.] ► Tongue covered with
frothy saliva (third day), [1]. ►
Tongue dry and parchment-like, [4]. ► General Mouth. ► Mouth
half open, [4]. ►
Mucous membrane of mouth and throat flaccid and swollen, [8].
► Foamed at the mouth, [6].
► Complained of the burning sensation the dose produced
(immediately), [7]. ►
Complained of the pungency of the medicine, [3]. ► Saliva. ► Much saliva
(second day), [1]. ►
Thin saliva (fourth day), [1]. ► Taste. ► Soapy taste
in the mouth (third day), [1]. [100.] ► Altered taste of all
food and drink, especially coffee (lasted two months), [8].
► Sense of taste abolished, [8]. ► Speech. ► Could hardly articulate, [2].
THROAT.
► Jugular veins
distended, [4], [11].
► Scraping and dryness in the throat (second day), [1]. ► Prickling sticking
in the throat, especially on swallowing (soon), (second day), [1].
► Fauces. ►
Fauces very red, with scraping in them (fourth day), [1].
► Violent burning in the fauces and heat in the stomach
(immediately after 20 drops), (sixth day), [1]. ► Scraping in the fauces (third day), [1]. ► Violent scraping and
coldness in the fauces, on inspiration (fifth day), (soon after taking), [1]. ► Swallowing. [110.] ► Deglutition
interrupted, slow, and difficult, [3].
STOMACH.
► Thirst. ► Thirst (second day), [18].
► Great thirst at first, [11].
► Eructation and Hiccough. ►
Eructations tasting ethereal, [1]. ► Frequent eructations smelling strongly of chloroform, and
causing prickling in the nose (fourth day), [1]. ► Constant hiccough, [17].
► Nausea and Vomiting. ►
Nausea (sixth day), [1]; (second day), [18]. ► Nausea, with much saliva
(fifth day), [1]. ►
Urging to vomit (fifth day), [1]. ► Vomiting, [9]. [120.] ► Vomiting (soon
after), [12], [14].
► Violent vomiting, [17].
► Stomach. ►
Pain in the epigastrium (during convalescence), [19]. ► Severe pain about region of stomach and spleen, [5]. ► Burning in
stomach, [3]. ►
Burning in the stomach alternating with chilliness (fifth day), [1]. ► Pressure in the stomach
(third day), [1]. ►
Pressure in the stomach, increased by external pressure (third day), [1]. ► Pressure in the stomach,
with nausea (fifth day), [1]. ►
Dull pressure in the stomach (third day), [1].
ABDOMEN.
► Objective.
[130.] ► Abdomen
tense (before death), [10]. ►
Rumbling, with passage of flatus (fifth day), [1]. ► Rumbling in the abdomen (fourth day), [1]. ► Rumbling in the abdomen,
with passage of flatus (third day), [1]. ► Much rumbling in the abdomen, with warmth (third day), [1]. ► Passage of much
flatus (third day), [1]. ►
Abdomen painful (second day), [18]. ► Cuttings deep from the stomach to the navel (second day), [1].
RECTUM AND ANUS.
► Although
the rectum and intestines were as torpid as the genital organs, yet the sphincter ani
preserved its contractility, [8].
STOOL.
► Diarrhœa. ► Bloody diarrhœa (during convalescence), [19]. [140.] ► On two occasions, I have noticed involuntary discharge of fæces,
[23]. ► Much blood
in the stools (second day), [18]. ► Constipation. ►
Constipation sometimes lasted eight days, but without giving rise to uneasiness, [8]. ► The torpidity of
the large intestine was such that he was obliged to resort continually to cathartics, [8].
URINARY ORGANS.
► Urethra.
► Emission of urine painless, but accompanied with a
curious sensation along the urethra, [8]. ► Stitches in the urethra (fifth day), [1]. ► Voluptuous tickling at the
orifice of the urethra, with erections and desire to urinate (fourth day), [1]. ► Much desire to urinate
(fourth day), [1]. ►
Micturition. ► Urine increased in quantity
(third and fourth day), [1]. ►
Bladder distended, and bedclothes stained by urine that had escaped, [4]. [150.] ►
When the bladder was distended, the urine was only expelled after much effort, [8]. ► Urine suppressed, [10]. ► Urine. ► Urine dark yellow (fourth day), [1]. ► Specific gravity of urine
rather lower than normal; it contained a large proportion of triple phosphates, and traces
of uric acid crystals, [8].
SEXUAL ORGANS.
► Genitals
as if much shrivelled (third day), [1]. ► On one occasion erection of the penis occurred, [23]. ► No erections for
two months, [8]. ►
Sexual desire, with a peculiar feeling in the testicles, which made him believe that the
spermatic secretion still continued, and that the impotence was owing to paralysis of the
perineal muscles, [8]. ►
Sexual appetite wanting, and the generative functions in a languid state, for several weeks,
[8].
RESPIRATORY ORGANS.
►
Tracheal râle, [12]. ►
He spoke in an altered drawling voice, [23]. [160.] ► Loss of power of
speech; could not utter any sound whatever; remained in that state for five weeks, after
which she began to speak in a low tone, [22]. ► Respiration stertorous, [12];
(after ten minutes), [14], [16]. ► Breath smelt of
chloroform, [5]. ►
Short, quick, irregular, and superficial breathing, [3].
► Breathing slow and stertorous, [5]. ► Respiration became very
slow (2), and stertorous, [19]. ►
Respiration very slow and deep (sixth day), [1]. ► Respiration became very slow, full, and deep, [21]. ► Respiration very slow and
difficult, [11]. ►
Respiration very slow, with plainly perceptible beating of the heart internally (fourth
day), [1]. [170.] ► Respiration 15 (usually 22), (soon), (sixth day), [1]. ► Respiration fell
to two in a minute, [18]. ►
Deep, slow respiration (after one hour); respiration very slow, fifteen to the minute,
superficial, with at times deep inspiration (after one hour and a quarter), (fifth day), [1]. ► Frequent deep
breathing (fifth day), [1]. ►
Respiration during narcosis feeble and slow, afterward before death it became rapid, deep,
and rattling, [10]. ►
Irregular respirations, [6]. ►
Respirations sometimes irregular and short, at others deeper and separated by longer
intervals, [4]. ►
Some oppression of breathing, [5]. ► Respiration appears embarrassed, [5]. ► Respiration arrested every
now and then, [12]. [180.]
► Eight or ten inspirations were distinctly remarked
after the complete and entire cessation of the cardiac movements, [13].
CHEST.
► Slow, but regular,
heaving of the chest, with some subsultus of the muscles, [4].
► Moist crepitation over lungs, [5]. ► Tension in the chest and
bruised feelings in the joints (fourth day), [1]. ► Oppression of the chest, with slow respiration for a long
time (fifth day), [1]. ►
Sternum. ► Pain in the right margin of the
sternum, deeply seated (fourth day), [1]. ► Pressure behind the sternum (fifth day), [1].
HEART AND PULSE.
► Præcordium.
► Pressure on the heart (sixth day), [1]. ► Stitches in the region of
the heart and upper half of the left lung (sixth day), [1].
► Internal pulsation of the heart, like a trembling,
rather more while sitting, with oppression of the chest, nearly the whole day (fifth day), [1]. ► Heart’s Action.
[190.] ► Action of
heart occasionally tumultuous, [12]. ► Beating of the heart powerful, rapid, felt through the whole
chest into the arms, and moving the book held in the right hand (first day), [1]. ► Beating of the heart felt
in the chest without being noticed in the hand (fourth day), [1].
► Heart beat so feebly that it required sustained
attention to perceive its weak and rare contractions, [4].
► Heart-sounds feeble, [5].
► Pulse. ►
Pulse frequent and undulating, [6]. ► Pulse rapid and weak, [17].
► Pulse more rapid than usual (immediately), [1]. ► Pulse at first
increased, afterwards small and indistinct, [11]. ► Pulse 78, soft and tolerably full (after twenty minutes), [15]. [200.] ► Pulse 100 and feeble; afterwards insensible, [12]. ► Pulse 100 to 120, soft
(second day), [18]. ►
Pulse slower than normal (at first), [21]. ► Pulse became slower, and suddenly stopped, [21]. ► Pulse 64, usually 75
(third day), [1]. ►
Pulse about 60 (after ten minutes), [14]. ► Pulse 60 (after half an hour), (fourth day), [1]. ► Pulse 56 (after one hour),
(fourth day), [1]. ►
Pulse 50, very weak, [16]. ►
Pulse weak and slow, afterwards, just before death, it became full and strong; then rapid
(160), and weak, [10]. [210.]
► Pulse 95 (after ten minutes); 65 (after half an hour);
70 (after three-quarters of an hour); 54 (after one hour and a quarter); 66 (after two hours
and a half), [1]. ►
Pulse 63, irregular; before the proving 70 to 75 (fifteen minutes after 12 drops), (fourth
day), [1]. ► Pulse
soon after taking small, irregular, scarcely perceptible, 80; after a few minutes 85,
regular; after half an hour 70, for several beats in succession; then again some very slow
beats; 62 (after three-quarters of an hour), firm; 64 (after one hour); 58 (after one hour
and a half); 70 (after two hours and a half), (fifth day), [1].
► Pulse very irregular, at one time very slow, then soon
again rapid beats in quick succession (second day), [1].
► Pulse small (third day, three-quarters of an hour after
8 drops), [1]. ►
Pulse small and fast failing, [5]. ► Pulse became very weak, [19].
► Almost imperceptible pulse, [3]. ► Almost pulseless, [2]. ► Pulse suddenly
ceased, face became pale, [20]. [220.] ► Pulse, from beating
at the rate of 100, stopped as if it had been struck with lightning, [9].
NECK AND BACK.
► Veins of
neck swollen, [13]. ►
Dull pains in the region of the kidneys (second day), [18].
EXTREMITIES IN GENERAL.
►
Objective. ► During commencing anæsthesia,
twitching of the muscles of the extremities, especially of the arms, [21]. ► Cracking in the joints and
loss of power in them, on moving (fifth day), [1]. ► Excessive weakness in the limbs (fourth day), [1]. ► Complete resolution of the
limbs, [12]. ►
Subjective. ► Compressed sensation in the
right ankle and left elbow (second day), [1]. ► Bruised pain in the shoulder and ankle-joints (third day), [1]. ► Feels very much
bruised in all the limbs (sixth day), [1].
SUPERIOR EXTREMITIES.
[230.]
► Bruised sensation in the arms (fifth day), [1]. ► Forearm. ► Pressing pain in the muscles of the right forearm and in the
flesh above the hollow of the right knee (second day), [1].
► Hand. ►
Peculiar unsteadiness of the hands, with sensation of prostration (second day), [1]. ► Fingers. ► Finger-nails blue (fourth day), [1]. ► Fingers convulsively
pressed against the palms of the hands, leaving impressions of the nails, [4].
INFERIOR EXTREMITIES.
►
Staggered in walking (after half an hour), [3]. ► Constant painful weakness in the whole left leg, especially
the lower leg and calf (first day), [1]. ► Great weakness in the feet (fifth day), [1].
GENERALITIES.
► Objective.
► Great nervous excitement, [16]. ► The muscles stiffened, [13]. [240.] ► Muscles become relaxed, [9].
► Frequent stretching and yawning (fifth day), [1]. ► Very feeble, [7]. ► Every exertion of
the muscles fatigues very soon (third day), [1]. ► Restless and tossing about before death, [10]. ► Subjective. ► Anæsthesia, with muscular resolution, [13]. ► Absolute general
anæsthesia, [12]. ►
Complete loss of sensibility and recognition, but not of self-consciousness. (Hirschell), [11]. ► Sense of touch
perverted, [8]. ►
When under its influence, felt extremely comfortable; could have remained as she was
forever, [23]. ►
She felt as if floating on wings, [23]. [250.] ► Excessive weariness
in all the joints, especially the ankles (third day), [1].
► Sensation as if the seat were tottering (fifth day), [1]. ► While sitting, a
sensation as if the chair and table were moving in different directions (third day), [1]. ► Felt queer
twitchings in her body, which lasted over twenty-four hours, [7].
► Felt as if hammers were beating all over her, [23].
SKIN.
► Skin very blue,
with coldness of the eyes (fourth day), [1]. ► Tingling of the limbs, [7].
► Crawling in the left fingers (first day), [1].
SLEEP AND DREAMS.
► Yawning
(fourth day), [1]. ►
Much yawning and closing of the eyes, even while walking (sixth day), [1]. [260.] ►
Excessive yawning, as though he would dislocate the jaw (third day), [1]. ► Great sleepiness and much
yawning (fourth day), [1]. ►
A very agreeable sensation of sleepiness, with a very quiet mood (fourth day), [1]. ► Very sleepy, with
chilliness and cold extremities (sixth day), [1]. ► Much sleep (fourth day), [1].
► Apparently deep unconscious sleep, from which she could
not be awakened, [18]. ►
Comatose sleep, [16]. ►
After vomiting had been induced, sank quickly and suddenly into a profound and alarming
coma, characterized by excessive pallor of the features, sunken eyes, contracted pupils,
insensibility of the cornea, perfect and universal muscular relaxation, complete
anæsthesia, coldness of the extremities, [3].
FEVER.
► Chilliness.
► Skin cold, pale, [16].
► Cold skin, especially on the extremities, with
chilliness in the back, during the whole proving, [1].
[270.] ► Surface of
body cold and clammy, [5]. ►
Constant chilliness, with cold extremities (third day), [1].
► Internal chilliness (fourth day), [1]. ► Much internal chilliness,
with cold skin (fifth day), [1]. ►
Very cold, [2]. ►
Temperature during narcosis diminished, but before death increased, [10]. ► Chilliness deep in the
back, extending to the temples (sixth day), [1]. ► Great coldness in the innermost portion of the spine, with
coldness and paleness (after one hour and a half), (fourth day), [1]. ► Extremities cool, [11]. ► Heat. ► Feverish excitement (after sixteen hours), [16]. [280.] ► Heat in the head (sixth day), [1].
► Head hot, [11]. ► Heat in the occiput (fifth day), [1]. ► Warmth in the stomach
(fourth day), [1]. ►
Sensation of warmth in the bronchi that increases to a biting-burning, with a very
troublesome constriction of the larynx, and with difficult interrupted sighing respiration,
even amounting to a suffocative anxiety, [16]. ► Sweat. ► Sweat copious
before death, [10].
CONDITIONS.
► Aggravation.
► (On closing eyes),
Sensation in head. ► (On
inspiration), Scraping, etc., in fauces. ► (External pressure), Pressure in stomach. ►
(Sitting), Pulsation of heart. ►
Amelioration. ► (Brandy),
The symptoms.® 2000
Article