PODOPHYLLUM.
Podophyllum peltatum, L.
Natural order
, Berberideæ.
Common names
, May apple; Mandrake
(American).
Preparation
, Tincture of the whole plant.
Authorities.
1,
Dr. Snow, Inaug. Thesis, 1819 (from Williamsom, Am. Inst. of Hom.
Trans., vol. i), effect of 2-grain pills of the extract of the leaves; 2, Merrell, Am. Mag., 1851, vol. i, p. 63,
effects observed while preparing the drug; 3,
Dr. W. Williamson, Trans. Am. Inst. of Hom., 1, p. 209, provings with
1st, 3d, and 15th dilutions; 4,
Jeanes, ibid.; 5, Ward, ibid.; 6, Husemann, ibid.; 7,
Owen, Chicago Med. Examiner (from Hale’s New Remedies, 1860), effects of
eating the ripe fruit, on two girls, aged six and eight; 8, Ransom, Pharm. Journ., 1862, p. 462,
effects on five persons employed in preparing and packing the drug (the
powder came in contact with the skin of the nose and lids); 9 and 10,
Bentley, Pharm. Journ., 1862. p. 462, effects of tincture applied to the
skin; 11, Dr. Pietro, Giornale
Veneto di Sc. Med., 1869 (Br. and For. Med.-Chir. Rev.), effects in Dr.
P., of 5 centigrams; 11a, same, afterwards took 10 centigrams; 12, Water Smith, Pharm. Journ., 1869, p. 454,
experiments to compare Dublin with American plants, took 1/4 grain of
resin after breakfast (first day), same before breakfast (third day),
1/2 grain (fourth day); 12a, same, took 1 grain; 12b,
same, took 1/2 grain at bedtime, two days; 13,
same, a young man took 1 grain before going to bed; 14, Hale, from an eclectic physician, effects
of a large dose; 15, Mann, Med.
Invest., 9, 15, “an involuntary proving;” 16, Berridge, Month. Hom. Rev., 15, 298,
effects of three doses, of 1/4 grain each; 17,
Hoyne, Trans. Am. Inst. of Hom., 1872, p. 207, effects of a few drops of
tincture, taken by a man before going to bed; 18,
Hutchinson, Med. Times and Gaz. (Br. J. of Hom., 31, 189), effects of
dust while grinding it; 19, same, in
a man, aged thirty-nine; 20, H.
Knapp. Trans. Pacific Hom. Med. Soc., 1, p. 55, effects of 2 grains, in
a girl, aged twenty; took next day a number of drugs to antidote the
effects.
HEAD.
►
Vertigo, with inclination to fall forwards, [3]. ►
Vertigo, while standing in the open air, [4].
► Giddiness and dizziness, with the
sensation of fulness over the eyes, [3],
[4]. ►
Dulness and headache, with sleepiness, in the morning, [3], [4]. ► *Headache, alternating with diarrhœa,
[3]. ►
Headache and fever (third and fourth day), [20]. ► Heavy
dull pain in the forehead, with soreness over the seat of pain, [3]. ►
Pain in the left frontal protuberance, aggravated in the afternoon, [3]. ►
Momentary darts of pain in the forehead, obliging one to shut the eyes,
attended with giddiness, [3]. [10.] ►
Sudden pain in the forehead, with soreness of the throat, in the
evening, [3]. ► After stool, at 10 A.M., front headache,
with feverishness (first day), [17].
► Sensation of great dryness of the
forehead and eyes, which was relieved for a short time by bathing the
parts with cold water; after stool, at 10 A.M. (first day), [17]. ►
Pressing pain in the temples, in the forenoon, with drawing in the eyes,
as if strabismus would follow, [3].
► Stunning headache through the
temples, relieved by pressure, [3].
► Morning, headache, with heat in the
vertex, [3]. ►
Pain on the top of the head, when rising in the morning, [3].
EYE.
►
The inflammation of the eyes is attended with a most excruciating heavy
pain, and great turgescence of the vessels of the conjunctiva, [2]. ►
Inflamed eyes, [18]. ► Extensive superficial ulceration of each
cornea, attended by general conjunctival congestion; the ulceration was
central and large in extent; in the right eye its base was densely
white, and looked exactly as if lead had been used (after ten days). No
symptoms of irritation appeared while he was at work or during that
evening, but on waking next morning, his eyes were inflamed, [19]. [20.]
► Left eye sore and uncomfortable,
especially at the inner canthus; conjunctiva of the left eyeball
slightly red, especially at the inner canthus, [16]. ► Eyes
glazed and motionless (next morning), (in the elder), [7]. ► Eyes
sunken in their orbits, [7]. ► Heaviness of the eyes, with occasional
pains on the top of the head, [3].
► Drawing sensation in the eyes,
accompanying pain in the head, [3].
► Smarting of the eyes, [3]. ►
Inflammation of the eyelids, [8]. ► Pain in the eyeballs, and in the temples,
with heat, and throbbing of the temporal arteries, [3].
NOSE.
►
Soreness and little pustules in the nose, [8]. ► Noses
pinched, [7].
FACE.
[30.]
► Face pale as corpses, [7]. ►
The under jaw fallen (next morning), (in the elder), [7].
MOUTH.
►
The teeth are covered with dried mucus, in the morning, [3]. ► *Tongue
white (fourth day), [20].
► White fur on the tongue, except the
centre (fifth day), [20]. ► *Tongue coated white, with much viscid mucus in
the mouth (first morning), [17].
► Soreness of the mouth, [3]. ►
Dryness of the mouth and tongue, on waking in the morning, [3]. ►
Copious salivation, [3]. ► Everything tasted sweet (fifth day), [20]. [40.]
► The taste of fried liver in the
mouth, at night, [3]. ► Had a bad taste in the mouth for several
days after the most prominent symptoms had disappeared, [17].
THROAT.
►
Soreness in the left side of the throat, especially painful when
swallowing liquids, and worse in the morning, [3]. ► *Soreness
of the throat, extending to the ears, [3]. ► The
elder complained frequently of burning sensation in the throat, [7]. ►
*Dryness of the throat, [3].
STOMACH.
►
Appetite and Thirst. ►
Appetite much impaired, with unusual thirst for cold water (first
morning), [17]. ► *Indifference to food, [3]. ► *Loss of
appetite, [3]; (second
day), [13]. ► *Desire for something sour, [3]. [50.]
► Great thirst, [7]; (fourth and fifth days), [20]. ►
Increased thirst after eating (first day), [17]. ►
Thirst, towards evening, [3]. ► Nausea and Vomiting. ► *Nausea (second day), [13]; (after five hours), [20]. ► *Extreme
nausea, continuing for several hours, [3]. ► Nausea
and a little irritation of the stomach, but the symptoms disappeared
when he went to bed, [11]. ► *Nausea, and attempts to vomit, which
lasted two hours (immediately), [11a].
► Slight nausea accompanied the
diminution of pulse (three hours after three pills), [1]. ► Acidity
in the afternoon, with an unpleasant sickly sensation in the stomach, [3]. ►
After rising in the morning, had a sick feeling in the stomach, with
occasional nausea (first morning), [17].
[60.] ►
Vomiting head been going on for the last four hours almost without
intermission; the vomited matters consisted, for the most part, of
seeds, pulp, and membranous covering of the ripe May apple, having the
peculiar odor of that fruit; afterwards the elder *vomited bilious matter mixed with blood, the
bile dark-green and very thick, the blood dark
and coagulated; she continued to vomit thick bile, with more or less
blood mixed with it, about every hour through the night, [7]. ►
*Vomited the contents of the stomach, and then considerable bile
(after nine hours); felt better; vomited again (after twelve hours), [20]. ►
*Vomiting of hot frothy mucus, [3].
► Stomach. ► Epigastrium and entire abdomen tympanitic
and very tender (in the elder girl), [7].
► The stomach contracted so hard and
rapidly, in efforts to vomit, that the wrenching pain would cause them
to utter sharp screams, one after another, for five minutes at a time, [7]. ►
Tenderness over the stomach (second day), (in the younger), [7]. ►
Great tenderness over the stomach and bowels, scarcely bearing the
pressure of the bed-clothes (fourth day), [20].
► Tender over stomach and bowels,
increased by the least motion; could scarcely bear to be touched (fifth
day), [20]. ►► *Sensation of hollowness in the
epigastrium, [3]. ► *Had an empty feeling in the stomach,
before supper, but did not feel hungry (first day), [17]. [70.] ► *Had a feeling of weakness in the epigastric
region, at 2 A.M., which continued until the next morning
(second night), [17]. ► Awakened by violent pains in the stomach
and bowels; the pains were of a griping, stitching character, and were
relieved for a short time by pressure on the bowels, at 3 A.M. (first
night), [17]. ► Soon after eating some toast, pain
commenced in the stomach, extending into the bowels; increasing with
such severity that she could not resist screaming at every breath (fifth
day), [20]. ►
In the night felt pain in the stomach, which continued to increase in
severity, and was attended with much thirst and burning sensation, and
great sense of prostration (first night), [20].
► After breakfast, had a violent
burning in the stomach, as if caused by hot steam; same sensation after
dinner (first day), [17]. ► Cold water does not agree, it causes much
oppression and uneasiness in the stomach; small quantities of it were
ejected, which tasted very bitter, and caused much burning in the
œsophagus (first day), [17]. ► Heat in the stomach, [3]. ►
Throbbing in the epigastrium, followed by diarrhœa, [3].
ABDOMEN.
►
Fulness in the right hypochondrium, with flatulence, [3]. ►
Twisting pain in the right hypochondrium, with the sensation of heat in
the part, [3]. [80.] ►
Sensation of flatus in the left hypochondrium, [3], [4]. ► Sensation of weight and dragging in the
left hypochondrium, close under the ribs, [3].
► Stitches in the right
hypochondrium, worse while eating, [3].
► Abdomen swelled almost to bursting
(next morning), (in the elder), [7].
► A good deal of flatulence was
caused, in the evening (first day), [12].
► *Flatulence (second
morning), [12b]; (second day), [13]. ►
Rumbling of flatus in the ascending colon, [4]. ► Violent
colic, followed by liquid stools, which were repeated until 9 o’clock
(second day), [11a]. ► Griping pains (second day), [13]. ►
Some griping pains with the stools (second day), [12a]. [90.] ► Some wandering pains in the abdomen, at 5
P.M., [12a]. ►
Pain in the bowels, at daylight in the morning, which is relieved by
external warmth, and by bending forward whilst lying on the side, but is
aggravated by lying on the back, [3].
► *Pain in the transverse colon, at 3
A.M., followed by diarrhœa, [3].
► *Severe pain in the bowels
(after five hours), [20]. ► Pain in the bowels occasionally, but not
so severe (fourth day), [20]. ► Pain in the ascending colon, [4]. ►
*Sensation of heat in the bowels, accompanying the inclination to go to
stool, [3]. ► After supper, sensation as if there would
be an evacuation of the bowels. This sensation came and went at short
intervals, until going to bed, when it ceased (first day), [17]. ►
Awoke at 2 A.M., with slight stitching pains in bowels, with desire to
go to stool; did not sleep well the remaining part of the night, on
account of occasional stitching pains in the bowels; the pains were
mitigated by flexing the thighs on the abdomen (second night), [17]. ►
The symptoms generally, but especially the abdominal symptoms, are
aggravate in the morning and better in the evening, [3]. [100.] ► Tenderness and some bloating of lower
bowels (fifth day); still very tender over lower bowels (sixth day), [20]. ►
Pain had extended into the lower bowels and right ovary, in the
afternoon (fifth day), [20].
RECTUM AND ANUS.
►
*Aggravation of internal piles; the rectum would protrude more than an
inch after every motion of the bowels or after any sudden motion, such
as sneezing, and even during any mental excitement; the parts could not
always be replaced very readily; would sometimes remain prolapsed for
days, owing to the swelling and congestion, [14]. ► Too
much bearing down at stool, as if from inactivity of the rectum, [3]. ►
Secretion of mucus from the anus, [3].
STOOL.
►
Diarrhœa, immediately after eating and drinking, [3]. ►►
*Diarrhœa early in the morning, which continues though the forenoon,
followed by a natural stool, in the evening, [3]. ► From
six to eight evacuations in a day, [3].
► Increased action of the bowels
(after nine and five hours); purgation (eighth and fifth hours after
second dose), [12b]. ► Free motion, in the morning; the bowels
open again twice loosely (second day); the cathartic action was still
manifested (third and fourth days); in all six motions were obtained, [13]. [110.]
►► *Evacuations in the morning,
attended with strong urgings in the bowels,
with heat and pain in the anus, [3]. ►►
*An evacuation of liquid matter, colored yellow, and every hour for five hours the evacuation was
repeated, [11]. ► *Liquid stools, with colic (second
day), [11a]. ► *Two green, watery stools (seventh
day); five thin, watery, green discharges
during the day, with considerable pain and griping (eighth
day), [20]. ►► *Evacuations of green stool, in morning,
[3]. ►
Stools muco-gelatinous, small and infrequent with flatulence, and pain
in the region of the sacrum, [3]. ►►
*About 4 A.M. had an evacuation, which consisted of yellow, undigested fæces,
mixed with mucus, and was of an offensive odor; about 10 A.M., had another evacuation, which was
accompanied with violent tenesmus, lasting some time after the
evacuation; the stool was of a burning, acrid character, excoriated the
anus, and caused much bearing down during and after the stool
(first day); about 2.30 A.M., had an evacuation from the bowels (second
night), [17]. ► Small solid evacuation at 9 P.M.; a
copious loose stool at 12 P.M.; the next morning two more thin
dejections resulted, attended with some griping pains, and an
uncomfortable feeling of chilliness, [12a].
► Bowels moved twice, but not
copiously, attended with very much pain and deadly nausea (after twelve
hours), [20]. ► No movement of the bowels since the
second day, but felt like it several times (fourth day), [20]. [120.] ► *Diarrhœa and constipation, alternating every
day or two, for several days after the most prominent symptoms had
disappeared, [17].
URINARY ORGANS.
►
Micturition painful (sixth day), [20].
► Scanty urine, with frequent
voidings, [3]. ► Urine very red (fourth day), [20].
SEXUAL ORGANS.
►
Sticking pain above the pubes, and in the course of the spermatic cords,
[3]. ►
Inflammation either of the scrotum of the eyes, seldom both, [2]. ►
The inflammation of the scrotum is attended with a pustular eruption,
which suppurates very freely, [2].
► *Symptoms of prolapsus uteri, with pain
in the sacrum, flatulence infrequent, muco-gelatinous stools
(three cases), [4]. ► *Sensation at stool as if the genital organs
would fall out, in females, [3].
► After pains, with strong bearing
down, [3]. [130.] ►►
*Pain in right ovary and uterus (sixth day), [20].
RESPIRATORY APPARATUS.
► Sensation of suffocation, when first
lying down at night, [3]. ► Shortness of breath, [3]. ►
Inclination to breathe deeply, sighing, [3].
CHEST.
►
Snapping in the right lung, like breaking a thread, when taking a deep
inspiration, [3]. ► Pains in the chest, increased by taking a
deep inspiration, [3]. ► Feeling of oppression in chest, with
constant inclination to take a deep inspiration, but was prevented from
so doing on account of a feeling of constriction in the chest (first
morning), [17]. ► Sensation in the chest, as if the heart
were ascending to the throat, [3].
HEART AND PULSE.
►
Sticking pain in the region of the heart, [3].
► Palpitation of the heart, from
physical exertion, in persons subject to rumbling in the ascending
colon; heavy sleep, and a feeling of fatigue awaking in morning,
followed by drowsiness in the morning (numerous cases), [4]. [140.] ► Palpitation of the heart, from
exertion or mental mention, [3]. ► Pulse. ►
Pulse 100 (fourth day), 110 in the morning, 116 in the afternoon (fifth
day), [20]. ►
Pulse quicker and smaller than usual, with slight palpitation of the
heart (first morning), [17]. ► Pulse 76, full and strong (before the
experiment); 64 (one hour after three pills); the same, small and
feeble, accompanied with slight nausea (after three hours), [3]. ►
Pulse 74, full and strong (before the experiment); 61 (one hour after
two pills); still the same, weak and small (after three hours), [1]. ►
Normal pulse 76; diminished to 65, and continued so for about two hours
(one hour after one pill), [1]. ► Pulse very weak, and scarcely perceptible
at the wrist, [7].
NECK AND BACK.
►
Pain in the nape with soreness, increased By motion, [3]. ►
Stiffness of the nape, with soreness of the muscles of the neck and
shoulders, [3]. ► Pain between the shoulder, in the
morning, [3]. [150.] ►
Pain between the shoulders, with soreness, worse night and morning, and
increased by motion, [3]. ► *Pain under the right shoulder-blade,
[3]. ►
Pain in the small of the back, when walking or standing, with the
sensation of the back bending inward, [3].
► Pain in the lumbar region, with the
sensation of coldness, worse at night, and from motion, [3]. ► Pain in
the loins, increased by a misstep, and walking over uneven ground, [3].
EXTREMITIES.
►
Aching of the limbs, worse at night, [3].
► Weakness of the joints, especially
the knees, [3]. ► Weakness of the wrists, with soreness to
the touch, [3]. ► Pain and weakness in the left hip, like
rheumatism from cold, increased by going upstairs, [3]. ► Pains
in the thighs, legs, and knees, worse from standing, [3]. [160.] ► Spasmodic sensation in right thigh and
leg (fifth day), [20]. ► Heaviness and stiffness of the knees, as
after a long walk, [3]. ► Cracking in the knee-joints from motion, [3]. ►
Pain in the left knee, leg, and foot, [3].
► More pain and cramps in right leg,
in the afternoon (fifth day), [20].
► Sharp pain in the outer and upper
portion of the left foot, [3].
GENERALITIES.
►►
*Faintness, with the sensation of emptiness in the abdomen after stool,
[3]. ►
*Sensation of great prostration attended the pain in the stomach,
[20]. ►
Stiffness on beginning to move, [3].
► Very nervous and crampy (fifth
day), [19]. [170.] ►
Sudden shocks of jerking pains, [3].
► Distress after the first sleep, in
the evening, [3]. ► *All symptoms except the feeling of weakness in
the epigastric region aggravated from 2 to 4 A.M. (second
day), [17].
SKIN.
►
Very evident rubefacient and vesicant effects, [9]. ► It
produces a rapid pustulation, which appears first in the form of minute
vesicle filled with a serous fluid, which speedily changes to a whitish
or yellowish pus; the superficial inflammation is at the same time quite
severe; the pustules, as a general thing, are slow in healing, [10]. ►
Eruption of “scabs” on the arms and legs, [19]. ►
Intolerable itching of the skin of the body and arms, on scratching, it
raises up in blotches like hives (eighth day), [20].
SLEEP.
►
Drowsy and difficult to wake, in the morning, [3]. ►►
*Sleepiness in the daytime, especially in the forenoon, with rumbling in the bowels, [3], [4], [5]. ►
Sleepiness, early in the evening, [3].
[180.] ►
Too heavy sleep at night, [3]. ► Rising up in bed during sleep, without
waking, [3]. ► *Moaning in sleep, with eyelids half closed,
[3]. ►
*Unrefreshed by sleep, on waking in the morning, [3], [4],
[5], [6]. ►
Restlessness in the forepart of the night, [3], [4].
FEVER.
►
Chilliness. ► In the
afternoon had a chill, followed by some fever and headache (third day);
some fever and headache (fourth day), [20].
► Chilliness (second day), [13]. ►
Uncomfortable feeling of chilliness with the stool (second day), [12a]. ►
Shivering and a feeling of prostration (after four hours), [11a]. ►
*The pain in the bowels at first is attended with coldness, which is
followed by heat and warm perspiration, [3]. [190.] ► Coldness of the feet, [3]. ► Heat.
► Felt feverish during the afternoon,
with occasional spells of chilliness, which was not relieved by the heat
of the stove, but was relieved by covering up warmly in bed (first day),
[17]. ►
After stool, at 10 A.M., feverishness, with frontal headache (first
day), [17]. ►
Intermittent fever, quotidian, tertian, and quartan, [3]. ►
Temperature of body considerably increased (first morning), [17]. ►
Flashes of heat running up the back, after stool, [3]. ► Sweat.
► Profuse sweating, so much so that
it dropped off of the prover’s finger-ends, [15]. ► Bathed
in cold perspiration, [7]. ► Perspiration of the chest, in the
evening, [3].
CONDITIONS.
►
Aggravation. ► (Morning), Dulness; headache, etc.; on rising,
pain in top of head; teeth covered with mucus; dryness of mouth and
tongue; sore throat; after rising, sick feeling; pain in bowels;
abdominal symptoms; diarrhœa; green stool; pain between shoulders;
drowsiness. ► (Forenoon), Pain in temples; drowsiness. ► (Afternoon),
Pain in left frontal protuberance; acidity; 5 P.M., pain in abdomen;
pain and cramps in right leg; chilliness; feverishness. ► (Toward evening),
Thirst. ► (Evening),
Soreness of throat; flatulence; after first sleep, distress; sleepiness;
sweat of feet. ► (Night), Taste of liver in mouth; 2 A.M.,
weakness in epigastric region; pain in stomach; 3 A.M., pain in
transverse colon; when first lying down, suffocation; pain between
shoulders; pain in lumbar region; aching of limbs; 2 to 4 A.M., nearly
all symptoms. ► (After breakfast), Burning in stomach. ► (While eating),
Stitches in right hypochondrium. ► (After eating), Thirst. ►
(After eating and drinking),
Diarrhœa. ► (Exertion), Palpitation of heart. ► (Going upstairs),
Pain in left hip. ► (Deep inspiration), Snapping in right lung;
pains in chest. ► (Lying on back), Pain in bowels. ► (Mental emotion),
Palpitation of heart. ► (Misstep), Pain in loins. ► (Motion),
Tenderness of stomach; pain in nape; pain between shoulders; pain in
lumbar region; cracking in knee-joints. ►
(While standing in open air),
Vertigo. ► (Standing),
Pain in small of back; pain in thighs, legs, and knees. ► (After stool),
Frontal headache; dryness on forehead. ►
(Swallowing liquids), Sore throat. ► (Walking),
Pain in small of back; over uneven ground, pain in loins. ► (Cold water),
Oppression and uneasiness in stomach. ►
Amelioration. ► (Evening), Abdominal symptoms. ► (Bathing parts
in cold water), Dryness of forehead and eyes. ► (Bending forward),
Pain in bowels. ► (Flexing thighs upon abdomen), Pain in bowels.
► (Pressure),
Headache through temples; pain in bowels. ►
(External warmth), Pain in bowels.
SUPPLEMENT: PODOPHYLLUM.
Authority.
20,
D. Webster, M.D., Med. Record, June, 1877, p. 357, Thomas C., æt.
seventeen years, while powdering the resin got some in his face and
eyes.►
The next morning he first noticed that
his face and eyes were red, and the skin about them discolored. The
discoloration extended over the whole of his face, his forehead, and the
front part of his neck during the day, and the following night his eyes
became so painful as to prevent sleep. On the following day all the
parts which had been exposed to contact with the powder were of a
yellowish-red color, but not swollen to an appreciable extent. The
ocular conjunctivæ were much injected, the palpebræ only slightly, the
pupils small, the eyes painful and sensitive to light, [20].® 2000
Article